MODEL PENAL CODE ANNOTATED

UNITED STATES CONSTITUTION

Amendment VIII

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.
 

Robinson v. California, 370 U.S. 660 (1962) (drug addiction)

Powell v. Texas, 392 U.S. 514 (1968) (public intoxication)

Gregg v. Georgia, 428 U.S. 153 (1976) (death penalty)

Harmelin v. Michigan, 501 U.S. 957 (1991) (life imprisonment without parole)

Austin v. United States, 509 U.S. 602 (1993) (civil forfeiture)

United States v. Bajakajian, 525 U.S. 321 (1998) (civil forfeiture)